Aches and pains can become more noticeable as we get older, but age is only one possible factor. Muscle soreness, joint stiffness and general discomfort can also be related to illness, physical activity, stress, posture or an underlying health condition.
Most mild aches improve with rest and basic self-care. However, pain that is severe, persistent, unexplained or accompanied by other concerning symptoms should be assessed by a qualified health-care professional.
1. You’ve Got a Cold
A cold can leave you feeling tired, stiff and generally unwell. Spending more time resting or sleeping may also contribute to temporary muscle stiffness.
Rest, fluids and gentle movement may help while you recover. Because symptoms such as a cough, sore throat, congestion and body aches can occur with several respiratory illnesses, follow the public-health guidance in your province or territory when you are sick.
2. You’ve Come Down With the Flu
Influenza often begins suddenly and may cause fever, cough, chills, fatigue, headache and muscle aches. Although many people recover within approximately one week to 10 days, the flu can lead to serious complications, particularly among older adults and people with certain health conditions.
Contact a health-care professional if your symptoms are severe, getting worse or causing concern. Seek urgent medical attention for symptoms such as difficulty breathing, chest pain, severe weakness, confusion or dehydration.
3. Baby, It’s Cold Outside
Some Canadians living with arthritis or chronic pain report increased stiffness and discomfort during colder weather or seasonal changes. Staying warm and maintaining an appropriate level of physical activity may help support mobility.
Choose activities suited to your health and fitness level, and be cautious when walking outdoors in icy conditions.
4. You’ve Got a Nutritional Deficiency
A balanced diet supports the health of your bones, muscles and connective tissues. Calcium and vitamin D are especially important for maintaining strong bones, and vitamin D helps the body absorb calcium.
Rather than starting supplements on your own, speak with a doctor, nurse practitioner, pharmacist or registered dietitian about your individual needs. The appropriate amount can vary according to your age, diet, health and medications.
5. Stress and Muscle Tension
Stress can cause people to tighten their muscles or remain in uncomfortable positions for long periods. This may contribute to discomfort in the shoulders, neck, jaw and back.
Regular movement, relaxation exercises, adequate sleep and adjustments to your workspace may help reduce tension. Persistent stress or pain should be discussed with a health-care professional.
6. Delayed-Onset Muscle Soreness
It is common to experience soreness after beginning a new exercise program, returning to physical activity or increasing the intensity of a workout. This is often known as delayed-onset muscle soreness.
Gentle movement, adequate rest and a gradual return to exercise may help. Sharp pain, significant swelling, weakness or pain that does not improve may indicate an injury and should be assessed.
7. Bad Posture and Prolonged Sitting
Long periods of sitting, repetitive movements and poorly arranged workspaces can contribute to neck, shoulder and back discomfort.
Changing positions regularly, taking movement breaks and improving the ergonomics of your workspace may help. A physician, nurse practitioner or regulated rehabilitation professional, such as a physiotherapist, can assess ongoing pain and recommend appropriate treatment.
When Should You Seek Medical Advice?
Everyday aches and pains are common, but persistent pain should not automatically be dismissed as a normal part of aging. Speak with a health-care professional if the pain:
- persists or repeatedly returns;
- interferes with sleep or daily activities;
- becomes progressively worse;
- follows an injury;
- is accompanied by swelling, redness, warmth, numbness or weakness; or
- occurs with fever, unexplained weight loss, shortness of breath or other unusual symptoms.
Call 911 or seek emergency medical care for severe or sudden symptoms, including chest pain, difficulty breathing, confusion, loss of consciousness or sudden weakness on one side of the body.
The Bottom Line
Aches and pains may result from something as straightforward as a respiratory illness, a new workout, stress or prolonged sitting. They can also occasionally signal a condition that requires medical attention.
Pay attention to changes in your body, remain active within your abilities and seek professional advice when pain is severe, unexplained or does not improve.
This article is intended for general educational purposes and is not a substitute for personalized medical advice, diagnosis or treatment.